Albert Conrad During the last decade, planetary science cases were often used to show case the capabilities of cutting edge AO systems as they came on line at the large telescopes of that era. The same will be true for the next generation AO systems coming to existing facilities like LBT in the next few years, and to ELT in the middle of the next decade. We will survey past and current use of high resolution on large telescopes for planetary science, and take a look at what might be possible in the decades to come.